Hetch Hetchy: Overview

Visiting Hetch Hetchy in Yosemite is a perfect choice for those seeking a more peaceful, off-the-beaten-path experience away from the crowds that flock to Yosemite Valley.

While other iconic spots in the park can become congested, Hetch Hetchy remains one of the less-visited areas, offering a quieter and more tranquil atmosphere.

This makes it an ideal destination for anyone looking to enjoy stunning landscapes, breathtaking waterfalls, and serene wilderness without the typical hustle and bustle.

⚠️ The road to Hetch Hetchy is open only during daylight hours, from sunrise to sunset! The open hours change based on the season.

Yosemite Entrance Fee

Entrance to Yosemite National Park costs $35 per vehicle for a 7-day pass. However, if you have the America the Beautiful Annual Pass, your entry is free! For those who love exploring national parks, investing in the Annual Pass is a smart choice. At just $80, it grants you access to over 2,000 federal recreation sites across the country!

Reservations

A reservation is required to enter Yosemite National Park from 5 AM to 4 PM on some dates from April 13 through October 27, 2024.

• April 13 to June 30: weekends and holidays only
• July 1–August 16: daily
• August 17– October 27: weekends and holidays only

⚠️ You can visit Hetch Hetchy when it is open (sunrise to sunset) WITHOUT a reservation. But if you visit any other part of Yosemite National Park then you must acquire a reservation for the dates listed above. 

Directions and Parking

Hetch Hetchy is located in the northwestern corner of Yosemite National Park, just over an hour’s drive from Yosemite Valley.

A big parking lot is located next to the O’Shaughnessy Dam at the end of Hetch Hetchy Road.

The Hetch Hetchy Road (also known as Evergreen Road) begins outside the park on Highway 120, near the Big Oak Flat Entrance Station.

⚠️ Hours of operation can vary by season, and the road may be closed during winter months due to hazardous conditions. Be sure to check the current conditions before you go.

Important Information:

• Due to the winding nature of Hetch Hetchy Road, vehicles and trailers longer than 25 feet or wider than 8 feet are not permitted.
• There is no public transportation to this area.
• It’s only accessible by car during daylight hours, from sunrise to sunset.

Best Time to Visit Hetch Hetchy

The best time to visit Hetch Hetchy is during late spring and early summer (May to June). This period offers the most dramatic scenery, as the snowmelt feeds the waterfalls creating incredible and powerful waterfalls. Also, the weather is typically mild, making it perfect for hiking and exploring the area.

Fall (September to November) is also a great time to visit, as the cooler temperatures and vibrant autumn colors make for a picturesque and peaceful experience.

Winter (December to March) can be beautiful for those seeking solitude and winter scenery. However, the Hetch Hetchy Road may experience closures or require chains due to icy or snowy conditions.

⚠️ For up-to-date information on road status, call 209/372-0200 (press 1, then 1). Also, you can check the current conditions HERE.

Summer (July to August) can be a wonderful time to visit Hetch Hetchy, though it comes with both advantages and challenges. On the plus side, you’ll enjoy longer daylight hours, warm temperatures, and the valley in full bloom with vibrant wildflowers and abundant wildlife.

However, the summer season also brings some downsides. While Hetch Hetchy remains less crowded than other parts of Yosemite, it still sees an increase in visitors, which can lead to busier trails and parking areas. Additionally, gnats and mosquitoes will be your worst enemy and the temperatures can occasionally soar, making hikes and outdoor activities not as pleasant.

Many areas of Hetch Hetchy are exposed to direct sunlight, and in the summer, this can lead to unsafe hiking conditions without the right precautions. To ensure a safe and enjoyable outdoor adventure, here are some essential summer safety tips to keep in mind:

• Be sure to bring plenty of water with you to stay hydrated, as dehydration can occur quickly in warm temperatures.
• Eat high-carb and salty snacks to help keep your energy levels up and replenish electrolytes.
• Wear lightweight, breathable clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun.
• Try to hike during the cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late afternoon.
• Take frequent breaks in shaded areas.
• Always listen to your body – if you start feeling dizzy, fatigued, or nauseous, take a rest and seek shelter from the heat.

FAQs – Hetch Hetchy Edition

What is the Hetch Hetchy controversy?

Hetch Hetchy was once a stunning valley, home to Native American tribes such as the Central Me-Wuk, Southern Sierra Miwuk, and Mono Lake Paiute, who lived in the area for thousands of years. The name “Hetch Hetchy” comes from a Sierra Miwok word for a type of wild grass found in the region.

The Hetch Hetchy controversy is one of the most debated topics in the history of Yosemite National Park. In the early 20th century, the construction of the O’Shaughnessy Dam was proposed to supply water and hydroelectric power to the growing city of San Francisco.

Despite strong opposition from conservationists, including renowned figures like John Muir, who argued that the valley’s natural beauty should be preserved, the dam was ultimately approved and completed in 1923.

The flooding of Hetch Hetchy Valley was seen by many as an irreversible loss of one of the most stunning and pristine landscapes in the United States, forever altering the valley’s unique ecosystem.

The controversy continues to resonate today, with ongoing debates about whether the dam should be removed to restore the valley to its natural state. Others point out the logistical challenges and the importance of the water it provides to millions of people in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Although the valley’s natural beauty was submerged, Hetch Hetchy remains a remarkable destination. Visitors can still experience the breathtaking waterfalls, towering granite peaks, and diverse wildlife that make this area a true gem in Yosemite, offering a peaceful retreat and a glimpse into its rich history.

Is Hetch Hetchy dog-friendly?

Not really. Dogs are allowed in the parking lot, but not on the dam or any of the trails.

Can you swim in the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir?

Swimming and boating are prohibited in Hetch Hetchy Reservoir to maintain a clean source of drinking water. Public access is prohibited below the high-water mark of the reservoir.

Camping and Lodging

Below is a list of camping and lodging options in and near Hetch Hetchy! Some camping/lodging options might be further away from Hetch Hetchy but offer access to other parts of Yosemite National Park.

Camping Options

1. Hetch Hetchy Campground – Located near the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir, this campground offers a convenient spot for tent camping. It’s a first-come, first-served site with basic amenities, including restrooms and picnic tables.
2. Yosemite National Park Campgrounds
   • While not directly in Hetch Hetchy, nearby Yosemite Valley offers several campgrounds, including:
     • North Pines Campground – Located in Yosemite Valley, offering both tent and RV sites.
     • Upper Pines Campground – A large, popular campground with easy access to Yosemite Valley attractions.
     • Camp 4 – Located in Yosemite Valley and operates on a first-come, first-served basis from November through mid-April (except some dates in February require a reservation), and reservations are required from mid-April through October.
3. Backcountry Camping – For the more adventurous, there are numerous backcountry campsites accessible by hiking. These sites require a wilderness permit, and many are located along popular trails like the Rancheria Falls and Laurel Lake hikes.

Lodging Options:

1. The Evergreen Lodge (Groveland) – Located only 5 minutes from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, this rustic yet luxurious lodge offers cabin rentals and a range of amenities like a restaurant, bar, and outdoor activities.
2. Rush Creek Lodge – Located about 25 minutes from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, this lodge includes contemporary and rustic-style rooms, a spa, a restaurant, a general store, and more.
3. Groveland Hotel – Situated in the town of Groveland, about 45 minutes from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, this hotel offers more affordable rooms in a historic setting.
4. Yosemite Valley Lodge – Located about an hour from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, this lodge offers comfortable rooms, dining options, Yosemite Valley shuttle access, and it’s in close proximity to Yosemite Falls.
5. Yosemite Bug Rustic Mountain Resort – Located about 1 1/2 hours from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, this budget-friendly resort offers a mix of cabins, dormitory-style accommodations, and tent cabins.
6. Tenaya Lodge (Fish Camp) – Located about 2 hours from the Hetch Hetchy Entrance, Tenaya Lodge offers a variety of lodging options, from rooms to cabins, and features a spa, restaurant, and indoor pool.

Best Hikes in Hetch Hetchy

Hike along the reservoir to discover scenic waterfalls or venture into the surrounding wilderness for a more rugged adventure. Thanks to its relatively low elevation, Hetch Hetchy is perfect for hiking in the spring and fall when temperatures are mild, though summer hikes can be quite hot and challenging.

Here’s a list of the best hikes in Hetch Hetchy! While not exhaustive, it includes the most popular day hikes and backpacking routes.

Top Day Hikes

• Wapama Falls
  • Length – 5 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 500 feet
  • Route Type – Out-and-back
  • Difficulty – Moderately challenging
  • Trail Features – O’Shaughnessy Dam, Reservoir, Tueeulala Falls, Wapama Falls
• Rancheria Falls
  • Length – 13 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 2,600 feet
  • Route Type – Out-and-back
  • Difficulty – Challenging
  • Trail Features – O’Shaughnessy Dam, Reservoir, Tueeulala Falls, Wapama Falls, Rancheria Falls
  • This hike also makes for a great overnight camping adventure!
• Laurel Lake
  • Length – 14.5 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 3,500 feet
  • Route Type – Out-and-back
  • Difficulty – Challenging
  • Trail Features – O’Shaughnessy Dam, Reservoir, Laurel Lake
  • This hike also makes for a great overnight camping adventure!
• Smith Peak
  • Length – 13 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 3,600 feet
  • Route Type – Out-and-back
  • Difficulty – Challenging
  • Trail Features – Stunning views from the summit

Backpacking Routes

• Hetch Hetchy Loop
  • Length – 28 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 6,080 feet
  • Route Type – Loop
  • Difficulty – Challenging
  • Trail Features – O’Shaughnessy Dam, Reservoir, Laurel Lake, Lake Vernon, Rancheria Falls, Wapama Falls
• Lake Vernon
  • Length – 19.2 miles
  • Elevation Gain – 4,200 feet
  • Route Type – Out-and-back
  • Difficulty – Challenging
  • Trail Features – O’Shaughnessy Dam, Reservoir, Laurel Lake (side quest), Lake Vernon
  • This route can also be done as a long and strenuous day hike!

🏕️ Wilderness permits are required year-round for overnight camping trips and reservations are required April through October. Learn more about wilderness permits HERE.

Tips for Hiking in Hetch Hetchy

Start Early: Beat the crowds and enjoy cooler temperatures by starting your hike early in the morning, especially during peak season.

Be Physically (and Mentally) Prepared: Some hikes can be physically demanding, so it’s important to be well-prepared. Be sure to research the trails you plan to tackle beforehand to understand their difficulty level and terrain.

Footwear and Gear: Some trails can be rocky, so wear comfortable, sturdy hiking shoes (or boots). Also, hiking poles may be beneficial on any steep, rocky parts. Make sure you wear proper clothing for the season and bring layers just in case.

Be Bear Aware: Hetch Hetchy is home to black bears. Store food and scented items securely in bear-proof containers (when backpacking) and follow proper food storage guidelines.

Bugs: Summer brings an abundance of gnats and mosquitoes. Wear long sleeves and pants to minimize exposure and bring a mosquito net to protect your face and maintain your sanity.

Leave No Trace: Stay on the trail, pack out all trash, and avoid picking plants or disturbing wildlife. Help keep Yosemite pristine for future hikers.

Pack the 10 Essentials:

1. Navigation – A map, compass, or GPS device to help you stay on course and find your way in unfamiliar terrain.
2. Water – Sufficient water to stay hydrated, along with a filtration system or purification tablets if you plan to refill from natural sources.
3. Food – Energy-rich snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up during the hike.
4. First-Aid Kit – A basic first-aid kit with items like bandages, antiseptic, pain relievers, and any personal medications you may need.
5. Sun Protection – Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays.
6. Insulation – Extra layers of clothing (such as a jacket or fleece) to stay warm in changing weather conditions.
7. Rain Gear and Emergency Shelter – A rain jacket or poncho and an emergency bivy sack or space blanket for shelter in case of sudden weather changes.
8. Fire – A lighter, matches, or fire starter to help you build a fire for warmth or signaling in case of emergency.
9. Multi-tool or Knife – A versatile tool or knife to handle any tasks, from preparing food to making repairs.
10. Headlamp/Flashlight – A reliable light source with extra batteries, in case you end up hiking in the dark or need it for emergency situations.

One Day in Hetch Hetchy: What to See and Do in a Day

I’ve crafted two exciting 1-day itineraries for exploring Hetch Hetchy, each tailored to different types of visitors.

• The first itinerary is perfect for families with children or those seeking a more relaxed experience. It blends peaceful sightseeing with just the right touch of adventure to keep things engaging and enjoyable for all ages.
• The second itinerary is designed for big adventurers who want to maximize their day, diving deep into Hetch Hetchy’s beauty with more ambitious hikes and exploration.

Family-friendly Itinerary

• Arrive early and park in the lot beside the O’Shaughnessy Dam.
• Hike to Wapama Falls (5 miles roundtrip).
  • Soak in the incredible views of the reservoir and surrounding granite peaks as you hike along the trail. You will also pass by Tueeulala Falls!
  • It takes about 3 to 5 hours (including breaks) to complete this hike.
• Have lunch at the picnic area once you return to the parking lot.
• Explore the O’Shaughnessy Dam and learn about its history through the interpretive displays.
• Spend more time exploring the reservoir, watching the birds, and capturing the moments with family pictures.
• Drive to Tunnel View in Yosemite Valley to watch the sunset.

Adventurous Explorer Itinerary

• Arrive early and park in the lot beside the O’Shaughnessy Dam.
• Hiking Option #1: Hike to Wapama Falls and Rancheria Falls (13 miles roundtrip).
  • Soak in the incredible views of the reservoir and surrounding granite peaks as you hike along the trail. You will see three waterfalls – Tueeulala Falls, Wapama Falls, and Rancheria Falls!
  • It takes about 7 to 9 hours (including breaks) to complete this hike.
  • This day hike is my personal favorite in Hetch Hetchy!
• Hiking Option #2: Hike to Laurel Lake (14.5 miles roundtrip).
  • This will be a tough, incredible, full-day hike. Be prepared and make sure you are out of Hetch Hetchy before sunset!
  • It takes about 8 to 10 hours (including breaks) to complete this hike.
• Hiking Option #3: Hike to Smith Peak (13 miles roundtrip).
  • The Smith Peak Trailhead is located about 6 miles past the Hetch Hetchy Entrance.
  • Smith Peak is the highest point in the area sitting at 7,751 feet!
  • It takes about 7 to 9 hours (including breaks) to complete this hike.
• If you have time (and energy), drive to Tunnel View in Yosemite Valley and watch the sunset.